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A kampong (spelled kampung in Malay and Indonesian) is a village in Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia, Singapore and Cambodia. The term applies to traditional villages, especially of indigenous peoples, and has also used to refer to urban slum areas and enclosed developments within towns and cities. The traditional kampong village designs and architecture have been targeted for reform by urbanists and modernists and have also been adapted by contemporary architects for various projects. Traditional kampongs are also a tourist attraction. The English word "compound" referring to a development in a town is from ''kampung''.〔(Kampung ) Singapura Stories〕 ==Malaysia== In Malaysia, a kampung is determined as a locality with 10,000 or fewer people. Since historical times, every Malay village came under the leadership of a penghulu (village chief), who has the power to hear civil matters in his village (see Courts of Malaysia for more details). A Malay village typically contains a "masjid" (mosque) or "surau", paddy fields and Malay houses on stilts. Malay and Indonesian villagers practice the culture of helping one another as a community, which is better known as "joint bearing of burdens" (gotong royong).() They are family-oriented (especially the concept of respecting one's family (the parents and elders )), courtesy and practice belief in God ("Tuhan") as paramount to everything else. It is common to see a cemetery near the mosque. All Muslims in the Malay or Indonesian village want to be prayed for, and to receive Allah's blessings in the afterlife. In Sarawak and East Kalimantan, some villages are called 'long', primarily inhabited by the Orang Ulu. The British initiated the Kampong Baru (New Village) program as a way to settle Malays into urban life. Malaysia's long serving prime minister Mahathir Mohamad lauded urban lifestyles in his book the ''Malay Dilemma'' and associated kampong village life with backward traditionalism. He also had the kampng sentiggan (squatter settlements) cleared and new buildings constructed to house them. 〔(Architecture and Urban Form in Kuala Lumpur: Race and Chinese Spaces in a Postcolonial City ) Dr Yat Ming Loo, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., Jul 27, 2013〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kampong (village)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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